Networking

What is DNS Spoofing? DNS Spoofing, also known as DNS cache poisoning, is a cyberattack in which a malicious actor corrupts the Domain Name System (DNS) cache with false information. This causes users attempting to access a legitimate website to be redirected to a fraudulent or malicious site instead. How DNS Works (Briefly) When you…

What is a secure shell? A Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol used for securely accessing and managing devices over an unsecured network. It’s widely used by system administrators, developers, and IT professionals to log into remote machines, execute commands, and transfer files securely. Key Features of SSH Encryption: SSH encrypts the data…

What is a jump server? A jump server (also known as a jump host or bastion host) is a special-purpose server used to access and manage devices in a separate security zone, typically in private networks or demilitarized zones (DMZs). It acts as a controlled gateway between users and critical infrastructure. What does a jump…

What is firewall as a service (FWaaS)? Firewall as a Service (FWaaS) is a cloud-based network security model that provides firewall protection as a centralized, scalable service rather than through traditional on-premises hardware. FWaaS simplifies management, enhances security across distributed environments, and enables secure access from any location. How Firewall as a Service Works –…

What is a Bastion Server and Why is it Used? A bastion server (or bastion host) is a special-purpose computer designed and configured to withstand attacks. It acts as a secure gateway between a public network (like the internet) and a private network, enabling administrators to access internal systems without exposing those systems directly to…

What is an ARP table and how does it work? The ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table is a critical component of network communication in IPv4-based networks. It functions like a phone book for your computer, mapping IP addresses (Layer 3) to MAC addresses (Layer 2) so that devices can communicate over a local network. When…

What is a subnet mask and how does it work? A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used in IPv4 networking that helps divide an IP address into two components: the network portion and the host portion. It determines which part of the IP address identifies the network and which part identifies the device (host)…

What is ARP and how does it work? The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol used for discovering the link-layer address (MAC address) that corresponds to a given network-layer address (IP address). It’s an essential part of the IPv4 networking stack and is used to enable communication between devices on the same local…

What is DevOps? DevOps is a set of practices, tools, and a cultural philosophy that brings together software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops). The goal of DevOps is to shorten the software development lifecycle and deliver high-quality software continuously and reliably. Instead of development and operations working in silos—where developers write code and toss…

What is DPI (Deep Packet Inspection)? DPI is a type of data processing used by network devices (like firewalls, routers, or intrusion detection systems) to inspect the actual contents of data packets as they pass through a network. How It Works: When a packet is transmitted over a network, it contains: Header (source, destination, protocol…

What is FWaaS? Firewall as a Service (FWaaS) is a cloud-based security solution that delivers firewall functionality via the internet, rather than through traditional on-premises hardware. It provides centralized, scalable, and policy-driven protection for users, applications, and data—no matter where they’re located. Key Features of FWaaS: Cloud-Native Firewall Hosted in the cloud, removing the need…

What is zero touch provisioning? Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) is a process that automates the configuration and deployment of network devices without the need for manual intervention. When a new device (like a router, switch, or firewall) is powered on and connected to the network, it automatically retrieves its configuration settings, firmware updates, and policies…